马铃薯疮痂病及其防治研究进展

Progress of research on potato scab and its prevention and control

摘要:

近年来，由致病性链霉菌(Streptomyces spp.)引起的马铃薯疮痂病在全球普遍发生，危害程度逐年加重，严重影响块茎的商品性和耐储性。致病性链霉菌通过土壤和种薯传播，现有防控技术对其定殖和传播的阻断效率有限，已成为制约马铃薯产业可持续发展的重要瓶颈。本文综述了病原菌特性及其致病机制，归纳了土壤营养元素及微生物群落结构对其危害程度的影响，分析了化学防治、生物防控以及抗病育种存在的局限性，提出了“抗病品种-磷肥减施-肥料增效-解磷拮抗菌剂”的综合防控建议，以期为实现疮痂病的有效防控提供研究思路。

Abstract:

In recent years, potato scab caused by pathogenic Streptomyces spp. has become widespread globally, with increasing damage severely compromising the commercial value and storability of tubers. The pathogens are transmitted through the soil and seeds of potato, while existing control technologies have demonstrated limited efficacy in preventing the colonization and spread of pathogens, which pose a critical bottleneck in the sustainable development of the potato industry. This study systematically examines the pathogen characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms, evaluates the impacts of soil nutrients and microbial community structure on disease severity, and analyzes limitations in current chemical control, biological control, and disease-resistant variety breeding approaches. We propose an integrated control strategy of disease-resistant varieties, phosphorus fertilizer reduction, fertilizer efficiency enhancement, and phosphorus-soluble antagonistic fungicides, aiming to provide novel research perspectives for achieving effective prevention and control of potato scab.