色氨酸生物传感器在合成生物学中的研究进展及应用

Research progress and application of l-tryptophan biosensors in synthetic biology

摘要:

生物传感器由生物识别元件和信号转换元件组成，能将目标化合物的浓度信号转化为易于检测的信号，现已被广泛应用于医药、环境、食品等各个领域。目前，可调节的色氨酸生物传感器在色氨酸及其衍生物的代谢工程和合成生物学研究中发挥着重要的作用，不同色氨酸生物传感器由于工作原理不同，在实际应用中具有各自的优势。本文综述了色氨酸生物传感器的研究进展，主要包括色氨酸生物传感器的类别、作用原理及优化策略，重点介绍了其在合成生物学中的典型应用实例。最后，针对色氨酸生物传感器设计与构建过程中面临的问题，提出了相应的解决方案，并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract:

A biosensor is an analytical device composed of a biometric element and a physical transducer to convert the concentration of a target compound into a measurable signal. It has been widely used in the medicine, environment, and food domains. At present, tunable l-tryptophan biosensors are essential in the metabolic engineering and synthetic biology of l-tryptophan and its derivatives. Different l-tryptophan biosensors have their own advantages in practical applications owing to their different working principles. This article reviews the research progress of l-tryptophan biosensors, including their types, working principles, and optimization strategies. Moreover, this article introduces the typical applications of l-tryptophan biosensors in synthetic biology. At last, it proposes possible solutions to the problems faced in the design and construction and prospects the development trend of l-tryptophan biosensors.