真菌生物发光途径的研究进展

Research progress in the fungal bioluminescence pathway

摘要:

真菌生物发光途径(fungal bioluminescence pathway,FBP)能级联催化咖啡酸释放绿色荧光。将FBP导入植物基因组，可以利用植物内源咖啡酸创制出自发光植物，从而突破传统植物发光对外源底物的依赖。自发光植物不仅能用于园艺观赏，还可以开发为高效的报告系统，用于瞬时表达、环境监测和生物成像，为园艺生产、环境保护及生物工程等领域带来全新机遇。本文综述了FBP在植物中的研究进展，重点探讨了人工智能在发光植物优化上的创新潜力，为FBP的综合应用与植物合成生物学的交叉创新提供了新思路。

Abstract:

The fungal bioluminescence pathway (FBP) catalyzes the oxidation of endogenous caffeic acid to produce green bioluminescence through an enzymatic cascade. Genetic engineering of FBP into plants creates autoluminescent specimens that circumvent the substrate limitations of conventional reporter systems. These transgenic plants serve dual functions as aesthetic displays and versatile biosensing platforms, enabling applications in real-time gene expression monitoring, continuous environmental surveillance, and non-invasive bioimaging, offering novel opportunities for horticultural production, environmental conservation, and bioengineering applications. This review synthesizes current advances in plant FBP engineering and explores how machine learning approaches can optimize autoluminescent phenotypes, thereby accelerating innovation in agricultural biotechnology, environmental sensing, and synthetic biology applications.