纳米农药和RNA农药的研究进展及发展趋势

Research progress and development trend of nanopesticides and RNA pesticides

摘要:

农产品的安全生产增加了对新型可持续植保技术的需求，纳米科技的迅猛发展为传统农业领域带来了革命性突破。基于纳米载体构建的载药系统，不仅显著提升了农药利用率，实现了增效减施，降低了农药残留与环境污染，更在提升RNA农药的稳定性和持效性方面取得了突破性进展。本文综述了纳米农药和RNA农药的研究进展，重点阐述了纳米载体在农药增效和提升RNA干扰效率中的作用机理，系统总结了纳米材料的种类及其在病虫害防控中的应用，并对纳米农药和RNA农药未来的发展趋势进行了深入展望，为未来农业的高质量发展提供技术支撑。

Abstract:

The production of healthy agricultural products has increased the demand for innovative and sustainable plant protection technologies, and the rapid advancement of nanotechnology has brought revolutionary breakthroughs to traditional agriculture. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems can not only significantly improve the utilization efficiency of pesticides, achieving enhanced efficacy and reduced application, but also decrease the pesticide residues and environmental pollution. Additionally, they have made breakthrough progress in the stability and persistence of RNA pesticides. This review summarized the research progress on nanopesticides and RNA pesticides, focusing on the mechanisms of nanocarriers in improving pesticide bioactivity and RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency. It also systematically summarized the types of nanomaterials and their applications in pest and disease management and provided an in-depth outlook for the future development of nanopesticides and RNA pesticides, which provided technical support for the high-quality development of agriculture in the future.