异养微生物适应性实验室进化利用一碳化合物的研究进展

Advances in adaptive laboratory evolution of heterotrophic microorganisms to utilize C1 compounds

摘要:

为应对全球化石能源枯竭及温室效应对人类造成的威胁，微生物利用一碳化合物生产高附加值的化学品，对提高资源利用率和减少碳排放具有重要意义。本文主要总结了4种已在模式微生物中成功构建的一碳(C1)固定途径，包括核酮糖单磷酸途径、木酮糖单磷酸途径、卡尔文循环和还原甘氨酸途径。同时，综述了适应性实验室进化作为一种强有力的策略应用于C1化合物利用菌株进化的具体实例。最后，展望了微生物利用一碳化合物面临的挑战和机遇，为提高C1化合物利用效率提供了思路。

Abstract:

The global depletion of fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect pose a threat to human beings. Microorganisms can utilize one-carbon (C1) compounds to produce value-added chemicals, which is of great significance to improve resource utilization and reduce carbon emissions. This paper summarizes four C1 fixation pathways that have been successfully constructed in model microorganisms, including the RuMP pathway, XuMP pathway, CBB cycle, and rGly pathway. Meanwhile, examples of adaptive laboratory evolution as a powerful strategy for the development of C1-utilizing strains are discussed. Finally, this paper prospected the challenges and opportunities for the utilization of C1 compounds by microorganisms, aiming to shed lights for further research on the utilization of C1 compounds.