酶法合成生物柴油工业化研究进展

Progress on biodiesel production with enzymatic catalysis in China

摘要:

介绍了北京化工大学近年来酶法合成生物柴油工业化研究的结果。主要内容包括以下几个方面：高产脂肪酶菌株的选育、脂肪酶发酵工艺优化及放大、脂肪酶固定化方法、酶反应器放大、生物柴油分离精制及副产物甘油综合利用。该脂肪酶假丝酵母Candida sp. 99-125在5 m3罐发酵活力不低于8 000 IU/mL，然后将该脂肪酶吸附固定在织物膜上并进行表面改性，用于搅拌罐式反应器生产每吨甲酯的需酶量仅为4.2 kg，产品经分离精制调质后，其各项指标完全符合德国生物柴油生产标准。副产物甘油可用于1,3-丙二醇发酵，30 L发酵罐中1,3-丙二醇的产量可达到76.1 g/L。

Abstract:

This paper reports the progress of biodiesel production with enzymatic catalysis in Beijing University of Chemical Technology, one of the leaders in biodiesel R & D in China, which includes screening of high-yield lipase production strains, optimization and scale-up of the lipase fermentation process, lipase immobilization, bioreactor development and scale-up, biodiesel separation and purification and the by-product glycerol utilization. Firstly, lipase fermentation was carried out at industrial scale with the 5 m3 stirred tank bioreactor, and the enzyme activity as high as 8 000 IU/mL was achieved by the species Candida sp. 99-125. Then, the lipase was purified and immobilized on textile membranes. Furthermore, biodiesel production was performed in the 5 m3 stirred tank bioreactor with an enzyme dosage as low as 0.42%, and biodiesel that met the German biodiesel standard was produced. And in the meantime, the byproduct glycerol was used for the production of 1,3-propanediol to partly offset the production cost of biodiesel, and 76.1 g/L 1,3-propanediol was obtained in 30 L fermentor with the species Klebsiella pneumoniae.