解决氧化还原酶反应体系中辅酶问题的策略及其应用

Strategy to solve cofactor issues in oxidoreductase catalyzed biocatalytic applications

摘要:

氧化还原酶还原醛或酮生成各种手性醇或手性胺类化合物。然而，氧化还原酶的催化过程通常需要价格昂贵的烟酰胺类辅酶提供或接受电子，这严重阻碍了氧化还原酶的工业化进程。因此，如何降低辅酶的成本已成为生物催化领域的研究热点和关键问题。随着工业化应用的实际需求和研究工作的深入，各种解决辅酶问题的策略被相继提出，如构建体外辅酶再生系统，利用发酵工程与代谢工程等手段提高内源性辅酶利用率，研究和开发辅酶替代物等。文中对这些策略的研究概况进行简要介绍，并通过列举相关应用实例分析各自的优、缺点，为进一步拓展氧化还原酶的工业化应用提供借鉴和参考。

Abstract:

NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductase catalyzes the reduction of ketones or aldehydes to prepare a wide variety of valuable chiral alcohols or amines. However, expensive cofactors are absolutely required for the biocatalytic processes with oxidoreductases, which severely hinder their industrial applications. Consequently, the issue on reducing cofactor costs has become one of the major focuses in the field of biocatalysis. With the substantial development in recent years, a number of strategies have been proposed and implemented to solve the cofactor issues in the oxidoreductase catalyzed biocatalysis, including the establishment of cofactor regeneration system, the improvement of endogenous cofactor availability via metabolic engineering and the development of biomimetic agents to replace cofactors. In this review, recent trends and advances on these strategies are presented, and respective advantages and shortcomings are also discussed with a number of examples.