生物降解聚烯烃类塑料研究进展

Advances in biodegradation of polyolefin plastics

摘要:

聚烯烃类塑料是一类以C-C键为骨架的高分子材料，被广泛应用于日常生活的各个领域。由于具有稳定的化学性质并且难以被环境中的微生物快速降解，聚烯烃塑料废弃物在全球范围内持续积累，造成了严重的环境污染及生态危机。近年来，利用生物方法降解聚烯烃类塑料引起了研究人员的广泛关注。自然界丰富的微生物资源为生物降解聚烯烃类塑料废弃物提供了可能，已经有一些对聚烯烃塑料具有降解能力的微生物被陆续报道。本文总结了聚烯烃类塑料生物降解资源及生物降解机制的研究进展，提出了目前聚烯烃类塑料生物降解过程存在的问题，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Polyolefin plastics are a group of polymers with C−C backbone that have been widely used in various areas of daily life. Due to their stable chemical properties and poor biodegradability, polyolefin plastic waste continues to accumulate worldwide, causing serious environmental pollution and ecological crises. In recent years, biological degradation of polyolefin plastics has attracted considerable attention. The abundant microbial resources in the nature offer the possibility of biodegradation of polyolefin plastic waste, and microorganisms capable of degrading polyolefin have been reported. This review summarizes the research progress on the biodegradation microbial resources and the biodegradation mechanisms of polyolefin plastics, presents the current challenges in the biodegradation of polyolefin plastics, and provides an outlook on future research directions.