小G蛋白Rac1的研究进展

Research progress in the small G-protein Rac1

摘要:

小G蛋白Rac1是肌动蛋白细胞骨架的主要调节因子。Rac1在无活性的GDP结合形式和有活性的GTP结合形式之间循环。Rac1除了促进病毒粒子复制、感染细胞，它还能够通过调控肌动蛋白细胞骨架重排、细胞黏附和侵袭来调节胶质瘤细胞的运动和侵袭等。此外，Rac1与肿瘤、癫痫等疾病的发生也有着非常密切的关系。本文针对小G蛋白Rac1近几年在细胞、病毒以及疾病相关的最新研究进行综述，发现Rac1的存在与病毒的复制和侵染密切相关，即抑制Rac1的存在可有效减少病毒的复制、运输，为研发针对Rac1靶点的各类治疗药物提供新思路。

Abstract:

The small G-protein Rac1 is the main regulatory factor of the actin cytoskeleton. Rac1 cycles between the inactive GDP-bound form and the active GTP-bound form. Rac1 not only promotes viral replication and infection, but also regulates the actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, adhesion, and invasion of glioma cells. In addition, Rac1 is implicated in human diseases such as tumors and epilepsy. This article reviews the latest research on the small G-protein Rac1 in virology, cell biology, and human pathology. It is found that the existence of Rac1 is closely related to the replication and infection of viruses, that is, inhibiting the existence of Rac1 can effectively reduce the replication and transportation of viruses, providing new ideas for the development of various therapeutic drugs targeting Rac1.