抗体技术在食源性致病菌快速检测中的研究进展

Research progress of antibody technology in rapid detection of foodborne pathogens

摘要:

食源性致病菌是导致食品安全问题的重要因素之一，对国民健康造成严重危害，实现对食源性致病菌的快速检测是目前防治食源性疾病的关键策略。抗体具有高特异性、高灵敏度的优势，是食源性致病菌关键特异性识别元件的首选。本文介绍了不同种类的抗体及其特点，以及不同抗体技术在食源性致病菌快速检测中的应用，并提出抗体技术与其他食源性致病菌检测方法的联用可以有效提升检测效果；最后，对目前的研究现状与潜在问题进行了分析与总结，为食源性致病菌快速检测技术的发展提供了理论依据与实践思路。

Abstract:

Foodborne pathogens are one of the major factors leading to food safety issues, causing harm to the national economy and people’s livelihood. Achieving rapid detection of foodborne pathogens is currently a key strategy for preventing and controlling foodborne diseases. Antibodies naturally possess high specificity and sensitivity, serving as preferred tools for specific recognition of foodborne pathogens. We list the main methods for detecting foodborne pathogens, introduce the evolution and development of polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, and genetically engineered antibodies, and review the application of different antibody technologies in the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. Furthermore, we recognize that the combination of antibody technology and other foodborne pathogen detection methods is currently a reliable means to improve detection performance. Finally, we elaborate on the existing limitations of different antibodies and summarize the current research status and potential issues, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical ideas for the development of rapid detection of foodborne pathogens.