体外扩增间充质干细胞功能有效性与移植安全性评价研究进展

Advances in efficacy and security of expanded mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

摘要:

间充质干细胞 (Mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs) 具有多向分化潜能、免疫抑制能力、来源充足、可避免伦理学争议等优点，使其有望成为种子细胞，应用于临床干细胞移植治疗多种难治性疾病。目前通过生物反应器等方法已能实现MSCs的大规模体外扩增，使体外获取足量移植用MSCs成为可能，但扩增MSCs应用于临床移植前还存在着一个急需解决的问题，即MSCs扩增后的安全性和移植有效性评价，目前国内外对这方面研究尚不系统，未建立起有效评价体系，经检索还未发现有就扩增MSCs有效性和安全性的总结性资料。在全面检索相关文献基础上，就MSCs扩增后临床应用有效性、移植安全性两大方面的研究进展作一综述，希望对今后扩增MSCs临床移植提供参考。

Abstract:

The multipotent differentiation and immunosuppression capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make it attractive source for stem cell therapy to treat serious diseases, including neural system diseases and immune disorders. For large scale clinical applications, MSCs have to be expanded to produce sufficient quantity for multiple treatments. While conventional passaging is not appropriate for such a task, bioreactor can be used to expand MSCs more efficiently. Yet the efficacy and biosafety of expanded MSCs must be properly assessed before the expanded MSCs can be implanted. This review presented state-of-the-art in expanding MSCs focusing on the progress on the assessment of the efficacy and biosafety of in vitro expanded MSCs. Current obstacles were discussed and future research directions were outlined.