Development of SPA-ELISA for detection of antibodies against rabies virus based on expression of main antigenic determinant of Nucleoprotein

Abstract:

To evaluate the effectiveness of rabies vaccination, we developed the SPA-ELISA method to detect the antibodies against rabies virus (RV) using the main antigenic determinant of nucleoprotein (RV N1) as antigen. The complete Nucleoprotein (N) gene and the partial N1 gene (1 000?1 353 bp) of RV Flury LEP strain were amplified using RT-PCR and PCR approaches. The two fragments were inserted into pGEX-6P-1 respectively. Then we transformed the recombinant plasmids into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain and expressed them by adding 1 mmol/L of IPTG (isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that both of the two recombinant proteins were presented as inclusion bodies. Compared with the complete nucleoprotein, the partial protein (RV N1) was expressed at a much higher level in E. coli BL21(DE3). The antigenic specificity of the partial N1 protein was confirmed by Western blotting. By coating the plates with purified RV N1 as an antigen, an SPA-ELISA method for the detection of the antibodies against RV was established. By optimizing this method, the optimal concentration of RV N1 coating the ELISA plate was 2 mg/L. The optimal concentration of serum samples and SPA-HRP was 1:100 and 1:4 000 respectively. Compared with a commercially available ELISA kit coating RV as antigen, the coincidence rate of SPA-ELISA was 94.1%. Our results show that the developed SPA-ELISA based on the RV N1 was useful for the detection of the antibodies against RV in the sera of dogs.