Advances in metabolic engineering of heterotrophic microorganisms for CO2 fixation: a review

Abstract:

Environmental protection and energy supply are our two major concerns. Greenhouse gases released from energy consumption have serious impact on the environment. CO2 fixation can be used to convert CO2 into fuels or chemicals. However, natural carbon-fixing organisms usually have some disadvantages such as slow growth and low carbon fixation efficiency. Enhancing or remodeling CO2 fixation pathways in model microorganisms can realize CO2 recycling, which can further increase fuel or chemical production and reduce greenhouse gas emission. This review describes in detail metabolic engineering of CO2 fixation pathways to improve chemical production and sugar synthesis, elaborates the role of relevant metabolic pathways and key enzymes in CO2 fixation, introduces the application of electro-biochemical synthesis system, shows the great potential of CO2 fixation, and prospects the future research direction of CO2 fixation.