利用枣汁生产面包酵母

Production of Baker’s Yeast Using Date Juice

摘要:

面包酵母是一类用来提高面包质量的重要添加剂。目前，不同国家主要采用分批培养、补料分批培养或连续培养的方式来生产面包酵母。酿酒酵母是用来发酵面团中淀粉的理想微生物，除了提升食品香味，增加口感之外，这一发酵过程可以产生多种维生素和蛋白质。用于生产酵母生物量的主要成分包括各种碳源，如甜菜糖蜜和甘蔗糖蜜等。由于甜菜糖蜜可用于高产率地生产乙醇，加之其带来的生物环境污染和废水处理问题，因此需要考虑用其他糖类来生产面包酵母。其中一个代替性糖源是枣。由于各种原因，伊朗每年都浪费大量的枣。研究了用枣作为培养基碳源的可行性。将废枣榨成汁，然后研究了酵母的产量和生长速率。结果发现，在pH3.4，温度30℃，通风量1.4vvm，发酵罐搅拌速度500r/min时，酵母对底物的产率接近50%。

Abstract:

Bakers yeast is an important additive among the products which improves bread quality and for present time is being produced in different countries by batch, fed batch or continuous cultures. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in fermentation of starch in dough, giving a favourable taste and produces a variety of vitamins and proteins.The main ingredient in yeast production is carbon source such as beet molasses, cane molasses, and so on. Since beet molasses has other major function as in high yield alcohol production and also due to the bioenvironmental issues and related wastewater treatment, the use of other carbohydrate sources may be considered. One of these carbohydrate sources is date which is wasted a great deal annually in this country (Iran). In this study, the capability of date to act as a suitable carbon sources was investigated. The waste date turned into juice and consequently production and growth rate of Sacchromyces cervisiae were studied with this juice. A maximum possible yield of 50% was obtained by the optimum medium (P3), at pH 3.4, 30℃, 1.4vvm aeration rate and agitation of 500r/min.