14-3-3蛋白家族及其临床应用研究进展

The Basics of 14-3-3 Protein Family and Research Progress on Therapeutic Applications of 14-3-3 Protein

摘要:

14-3-3蛋白家族是一组高度保守的可溶性酸性蛋白质，分子量在28～33kD之间，广泛分布于各种真核生物之中。该蛋白能够特异地结合含有磷酸化丝氨酸或苏氨酸的肽段，参与多种信号转导途径。14-3-3蛋白调节着许多重要细胞生命活动，如：新陈代谢、细胞周期、细胞生长发育、细胞的存活和凋亡以及基因转录，该蛋白家族异常与疾病的发生密切相关，尤其是14-3-3蛋白在脑脊液中的分布与一些神经系统疾病密切相关。14-3-3蛋白已成为一些疾病的临床诊断指标，其作为疾病治疗的靶点也在研究之中。主要阐述了14-3-3蛋白的结构、功能、及其在疾病治疗中的应用。

Abstract:

The 14-3-3 proteins comprise a family of highly conserved acidic protein with subunit molecular mass 28～33kD and are widely found in different eukaryotic cells. 14-3-3 proteins were the first polypeptides shown to have phosphoserine/threonine (pSer/Thr) binding properties which firmly established its importance in cell signaling. 14-3-3 proteins tend to form dimeric proteins to modulate protein-protein interactions. 14-3-3 proteins have been shown to contribute to the regulation of such crucial cellular processes as metabolism，signal transduction，cell cycle control，cell growth and differentiation，apotosis，protein trafficking，transcription，stress responses and malignant transformation. Many reports link 14-3-3 to disorders，particularly the neurological disorders and cancer. The 14-3-3 test has been used for the diagnosis of prion diseases. 14-3-3 could be exploited for therapeutic purposes. In this review，we discuss the structure，function of 14-3-3 protein and the related research progress in therapeutic applications.