霍山石斛人工种子包埋繁殖体和萌发

Germination and Propagartors of Artificial Seeds of Dendrobium huoshanense

摘要:

以腋芽、原球茎、不定芽为繁殖体, 制作霍山石斛人工种子, 利用正交设计探讨麦芽糖、6-BA/NAA、活性炭、海藻酸钠、离子交换时间五个因素对霍山石斛人工种子萌发的影响; 并对人工种皮的糖分泄漏率以及pH的变化进行测定, 另外对霍山石斛人工种子的贮藏和防腐做了初步研究。结果表明: 麦芽糖是影响霍山石斛人工种子萌发的主要因素, 适宜的处理组合为麦芽糖含量为4%、6-BA/NAA 10:1, 活性炭浓度0.1%, 海藻酸钠浓度4.0%, 将含有繁殖体的此配方溶液滴入2% CaCl2溶液中, 进行离子交换反应, 反应时间10 min。以腋芽, 原球茎, 不定芽为繁殖体的霍山石斛人工种子萌发率分别可达到65.6%、90.1%、75.2%, 萌发后幼苗的存活率分别为16.1%、80.6%和19.1%。4°C下贮藏20 d后, 霍山石斛人工种子以腋芽, 原球茎, 不定芽为繁殖体的萌发率分别为3.3%、10.6%、5.2%。包埋剂加入多菌灵后, 自然条件下萌发率分别可以达到6.8%, 13.8%, 7.9%。

Abstract:

The artificial seeds of Dendrobium huoshanese was produced with Auxiliary buds, Protocorm-like bodies, and adventitious shoots. By using orthogonal experiment, we studied the effect of Maltose (%), hormone rate between 6-BA (mg·L-1) and NAA (mg·L-1), active carbon(%) , sodium alginate (%), time of ion exchange (min) on germination rate of artificial seeds of D. huoshanese. Then the leaking rate of maltose and variation of pH value of artificial seed capsule during vegetating of artificial seeds of D. huoshanese was measured. The results show that maltose played the most important role in inducing D. huoshanese artificial seeds to germinate. The optimal combination was: maltose 4%, hormone rate between 6-BA (mg·L-1) and NAA (mg·L-1) 10:1, active carbon 0.1%, sodium Alginate 4%, time of ion exchange is 10 min. Protocorm-like bodies were appropriate propagartor, the germination rate of artificial seeds of D. huoshanese takeing Protocorm-like bodies as the propagartors is 90.1%. After germination, the survival rate of seedlings of artificial seeds was 80.6%, the leaking rate of maltose of artificial seed capsule was 0.52%, and the pH value of artificial seed capsule decreased during the process of vegetation of artificial seeds. After having been stored at 4oC for 20 d, the germination rate of artificial seeds of D.huoshanese takeing Auxiliary buds, Protocorm-like bodies, Adventitious shoots as the propagartors were 3.3%, 10.6%, 5.2%. Under natural conditions the germination rate was 13.8% after 10.0 g/L carbendazim was appended into artificial seed capsule. This result provides a foundation of manufacture and further study of the artificial seeds of D. huoshanese.