人羊膜来源成体干细胞的多向分化潜能

Multipotency of adult stem cells derived from human amnion

摘要:

干细胞治疗被认为是一种非常有潜力的治疗手段, 其中成体干细胞由于不存在伦理问题, 更为广大学者所青睐。本研究成功从人羊膜间质细胞中分离纯化出具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的成体干细胞。首先从羊膜间质细胞中通过极限稀释法进一步分离得到羊膜来源成体干细胞(Amnion-derived stem cells, ADSC), 分析其形态、生长方式及主要的免疫表型, 并在体外分别将其向脂肪、成骨、内皮、肝细胞及神经细胞诱导分化。结果发现, ADSC在适宜条件下能够向3个胚层的细胞分化, 经连续传代30次, 其形态及表型稳定, 并仍保持多向分化潜能。证实了ADSC的干细胞特性, 可能为细胞治疗及干细胞工程提供种子细胞的新来源。

Abstract:

Adult stem cells are drawing more and more attention due to the potential application in degenerative medicine without posing any moral problem. There is growing evidence showing that the human amnion contains various types of adult stem cell. Since amniotic tissue is readily available, it has the potential to be an important source of regenerative medicine material. In this study we tried to find multipotent adult stem cells in human amnion. We isolated stem cells from amniotic mesenchymal cells by limiting dilution assay. Similar to bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, these cells displayed a fibroblast like appearance. They were positive for CD105, CD29, CD44, negative for haematopoietic (GlyA, CD31, CD34, CD45) and epithelial cell (pan-CK) markers. These stem cells had the potential to differentiate not only into osteogenic, adipogenic and endothelial lineages, but also hepatocyte-like cells and neural cells at the single-cell level depending on the culture conditions. They had the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation even after being expanded for more than 30 population doublings in vitro. So they may be an ideal stem cell source for inherited or degenerative diseases treatment.