植物重金属转运蛋白P1B-ATPase结构和功能研究进展

Structure and function of heavy metal transporter P1B-ATPase in plant: a review

摘要:

植物调节体内重金属的累积量以维持自身生存，其中，金属阳离子转运蛋白发挥了关键作用。P1B-ATPase是在生物中广泛存在的P-ATPase中的一个亚族，也是P-ATPase多个亚族中唯一参与重金属稳态的转运蛋白。拟南芥中共发现8个P1B-ATPase。研究表明，P1B-ATPase在植物体内具有维持金属的稳态、转运以及金属解毒的功能；与金属离子在根部区域的活化、吸收、地上部分的运输、贮存，以及植物对重金属的耐受性均相关。以下综述了P1B-ATPase的进化分类、结构特征以及功能方面的最新研究进展，并展望了其在植物修复领域的应用前景。

Abstract:

The regulation of the heavy-metal accumulation in vivo for plant survival is very complex. The metal cation transporter plays key roles in the metabolic process. P1B-ATPases are the only subgroup of P-ATPases that contribute to heavy metal homeostasis presented in most organisms. Arabidopsis thaliana contains eight genes encoding P1B-ATPases. The current reports show that the functions of P1B-ATPases are involved in maintaining metal homeostasis, transporting and detoxification in plants. P1B-ATPases not only mediated metal ion mobilization and uptake in roots, but also contribute to the metal transport, storage and tolerance in shoots, especially in heavy metal hyperaccumulators. In this paper, we reviewed and discussed the evolution, classification, structure and function of P1B-ATPases in plants. HMAs-transgenic manipulation could be a feasible approach for phytoremediation and mineral nutrition fortification.