细菌降解萘、菲的代谢途径及相关基因的研究进展

Recent advances in bacterial biodegradation of naphthalene, phenanthrene by bacteria: a review

摘要:

多环芳烃 (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，PAHs) 是一类在环境中广泛存在的具有毒性的污染物，微生物降解是其在自然界中降解的主要途径，因而尤为重要。随着研究的深入，关于微生物降解PAHs的分子降解机制、途径等的认识逐渐积累。以下对细菌降解萘、菲的研究进展进行了概述，介绍了萘的水杨酸降解途径，菲的水杨酸、邻苯二甲酸及其他降解途径，同时也包括降解过程中涉及的降解基因簇，如nah-like、phn、phd、nid和nag等以及细菌在PAHs胁迫条件下其他相关基因的表达与调节等方面的最新进展。这些进展可为降解菌株的分子及遗传机制研究提供理论依据，将促进通过基因工程优化降解菌、更有效地检测PAHs环境污染及实现PAHs污染的生物修复。

Abstract:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic pollutants that exist extensively in the environment. Microbial degradation is the main pathway of PAHs eradication in natural environment and therefore is of importance to investigate. Advancement has been made in recent years regarding the PAHs molecular degradation mechanisms in bacteria. In this review, we summarized some of the research progresses in microbial PAHs biodegradation pathways (including salicylate pathway and protocatechuate pathway), key enzymes (nah-like, phn, phd, nid and nag) and genes involved. Emphasis was given on naphthalene and phenanthrene which were often used as the representatives of PAHs. It is likely that the new information will promote further research and applications of microbial PAHs biodegradation technology.