低水用量约束条件下的高固体含量纤维乙醇生物加工技术策略

Process strategy for ethanol production from lignocellulose feedstock under extremely low water usage and high solids loading conditions

摘要:

木质纤维素原料生物转化生产纤维乙醇需要使用大量的水和蒸汽，从而使过程能耗和废水排放显著增加，大幅度增加了加工成本。最大限度地降低水和蒸汽用量对过程节能和废水减排并对最终成本控制极为重要。对极限低水用量约束条件下木质纤维素生物转化关键路径进行了实验研究和计算分析，确定了极低水和蒸汽用量的新型预处理技术，实现高效率预处理过程的废水零排放；采用独特的生物脱毒技术，用从自然界筛选的煤油霉菌Amorphotheca resinae ZN1对预处理原料中的抑制物进行了快速生物脱毒；对极限高固体含量下高粘度多相流物系在复杂抑制物胁迫下的酶水解与发酵行为以及放大准则进行了研究；建立了基于Aspen plus平台上的生物质加工物性数据库和严格热力学意义上的全过程流程模拟数学模型，实现了对过程的局部和全局设计与调优。这一综合技术在生物炼制微型工厂中进行了测试，并在纤维素乙醇工业示范装置中得到了应用。该研究结果将为构建具有工业实用价值的节能和清洁化木质纤维素生物转化技术提供依据。

Abstract:

The massive water and steam are consumed in the production of cellulose ethanol, which correspondingly results in the significant increase of energy cost, waster water discharge and production cost as well. In this study, the process strategy under extremely low water usage and high solids loading of corn stover was investigated experimentally and computationally. The novel pretreatment technology with zero waste water discharge was developed; in which a unique biodetoxification method using a kerosene fungus strain Amorphotheca resinae ZN1 to degrade the lignocellulose derived inhibitors was applied. With high solids loading of pretreated corn stover, high ethanol titer was achieved in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process, and the scale-up principles were studied. Furthermore, the flowsheet simulation of the whole process was carried out with the Aspen plus based physical database, and the integrated process developed was tested in the biorefinery mini-plant. Finally, the core technologies were applied in the cellulose ethanol demonstration plant, which paved a way for the establishment of an energy saving and environment friendly technology of lignocellulose biotransformation with industry application potential.