植物多胺代谢途径研究进展

Metabolic pathway of polyamines in plants: a review

摘要:

多胺是一类小分子生物活性物质，广泛存在于生物体内，与植物的生长发育、衰老及抗逆性都有着密切的联系。目前，在植物中的多胺合成途径已经基本揭示，其生理作用在分子水平上逐步得到阐明。对多胺合成突变体和各种转基因植物的研究也使得人们更深入地了解了多胺以及其合成代谢相关酶在植物生长发育等生理过程中的重要作用。以下概述了植物多胺代谢途径，重点综述了代谢途径中各基因的功能及遗传操作的最新进展，并对将来的研究方向尤其是相关基因在植物抗逆境 (包括生物和非生物逆境) 基因工程方面的应用作了讨论。

Abstract:

Polyamine is an important physiological regulation substance functioning in a wide variety of biological processes, such as plant growth, development, senescence and adversity stress tolerance, which widely exist in all living organisms. Their biosynthetic pathways have already been revealed, and their physiological roles are being elucidated gradually. Previous work on polyamines biosynthetic deficiency mutants and various transgenic plants facilitates improved understanding of the important roles of polyamines and biosynthetic enzymes in plant growth and development. This paper summarizes researches in the biosynthetic pathways of polyamines in plants, focusing on research advances on functions of genes involved in polyamine metabolism. In addition, the potential research directions, especially the application of the genes in the genetic engineering of plant stress tolerance were also discussed.