微生物燃料电池在固体废物堆肥中的应用进展

Application of microbial fuel cell (MFC) in solid waste composting

摘要:

微生物燃料电池 (Microbial fuel cell，MFC) 是一种近几年快速发展的废物处理与能源化技术,可以与污水处理、污染物降解、脱盐等环境技术结合。微生物燃料电池与堆肥技术结合可以在处理日益增长的固体废弃物的同时回收能量，具有很好的发展前景。文中分析了堆肥微生物燃料电池系统的微生物特征，探讨了堆肥过程中影响微生物燃料电池产电性能的因素，包括电极，隔膜，供氧和构型。最后归纳说明了堆肥微生物电池作为一种新的废弃物处理技术的特点：较高的微生物量并可产生较高的电流密度；对不同环境的适应性强；可以自身调节温度，能源利用效率高；质子从阳极向阴极的移动会受到不同堆肥原料的影响。

Abstract:

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a new technology that can recover energy from biomass with simultaneous waste treatment. This technique has been developed fast in recent years in combining with environmental techniques such as wastewater treatment, degradation of toxic pollutants and desalination. With the increase of solid waste, applying MFC in composting is promising due to its property of waste disposal with simultaneous energy generation. In this paper, the microbial community of MFCs during composting was summarized. Four major influencing factors including electrodes, separators, oxygen supplement and configurations on the performance of composting MFCs were discussed. The characteristics of composting MFC as a new technique for reducing solid waste were as follows: high microbial biomass resulted in the high current density; adaptable to different environmental conditions; self-adjustable temperature with high energy efficiency; the transportation of proton from anode to cathode were limited by different solid substrates.