2013合成生物学专刊序言

Preface for special issue on synthetic biology (2013)

摘要:

合成生物学目前在全球得到迅猛发展。在此专刊中，综述了一些相关技术在合成生物学领域的进展，其中有：链霉菌无痕敲除方法、基因合成技术、DNA组装新方法、最小化基因组的方法及分析、合成生物系统的组合优化。也讨论了应用合成生物学策略优化光合蓝细菌底盘、产溶剂梭菌分子遗传操作技术、蛋白质预算 (Protein budget) 作为合成生物学的成本标尺。最后，用几个例子说明了合成生物学的应用，包括复杂天然产物合成人工生物系统的设计与构建、微生物木糖代谢途径改造制备生物基化学品以及构建酿酒酵母工程菌合成香紫苏醇。

Abstract:

Synthetic biology has developed quickly worldwide. In this special issue, we reviewed its recent progresses in technologies and applications, these are: markerless knockout of chromosome genes in Streptomycetes spp. and in gene synthesis technology, in microbial genome reduction and modification, as well as genome minimization method based on metabolic network analysis and combinatorial optimization of synthetic biological systems. We also discussed photosynthetic cyanobacterial chassis, development in molecular genetic manipulation of solventogenic clostridiax. Protein budget: cost estimating criteria for synthetic biology, was also brought out for our attentions. On the application sites, some successful applications of synthetic biology were demonstrated, including design and construction of artificial biological systems for complex natural products biosynthesis, engineering the Saccharomyces cerevisiae for sclareol production, and engineering the xylose metabolic pathway for microbial production of bio-based chemicals.