微生物木糖代谢途径改造制备生物基化学品

Engineering of the xylose metabolic pathway for microbial production of bio-based chemicals

摘要:

当前，全球经济的高速发展与日益减少的石油资源储备进一步加剧了能源供需矛盾。人类对开发利用可再生的纤维素生物质资源寄予厚望。木糖是木质纤维素水解产物中含量仅次于葡萄糖的一种单糖，因此对木糖高效率生物转化的研究成为影响其工业化前景的关键因素之一。针对近几年的研究，文中综述了生物转化木糖方面的进展，包括木糖代谢途径的鉴定和设计、木糖运输途径的改造、生物基化学品制备。为了解决当前全球面临的能源危机与环境问题，运用合成生物学技术发展新一代生物燃料技术，特别是开发能够代谢木糖高产乙醇的微生物工程菌株是实现可持续发展的重要方式。

Abstract:

As the rapid development of economy necessitates a large number of oil, the contradiction between energy supply and demand is further exacerbated by the dwindling reserves of petroleum resource. Therefore, the research of the renewable cellulosic biomass resources is gaining unprecedented momentum. Because xylose is the second most abundant monosaccharide after glucose in lignocellulose hydrolyzes, high-efficiency bioconversion of xylose becomes one of the vital factors that affect the industrial prospects of lignocellulose application. According to the research progresses in recent years, this review summarized the advances in bioconversion of xylose, which included identification and redesign of the xylose metabolic pathway, engineering the xylose transport pathway and bio-based chemicals production. In order to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution issues, the development of advanced bio-fuel technology, especially engineering the microbe able to metabolize xylose and produce ethanol by synthetic biology, is environmentally benign and sustainable.