木质纤维素原料中漆酶天然介体的研究进展

Progress in natural laccase mediators from lignocelluloses

摘要:

漆酶作为一种多功能金属氧化酶，被认为是未来工业生物催化中“可持续环境友好过程生物技术的工具”。但是由于典型漆酶催化体系中合成介体存在价格昂贵且有毒等问题而一直未能实现工业化。从木质素小分子前体物质或者中间体及降解产物中寻找稳定、高效、低毒和价廉的天然介体成为当前的研究热点和重点。本文从漆酶介体的类型与催化机理、木质纤维素原料炼制中间产物 (如汽爆秸秆水洗液、造纸黑液、木质纤维素生物降解产物等) 中天然介体的种类与分离等方面，论述从木质纤维素原料降解产物中分离漆酶天然介体并进行应用的可行性，为挖掘高反应活性的漆酶天然催化介体，构建漆酶多介体连续催化体系，实现木质纤维素原料降解产物的定向高值利用奠定基础。

Abstract:

Laccase is one of the most important oxidoreductase with industrialization potential. However, due to the high cost and catalytic toxicity of laccase synthetic mediator, the laccase-mediator-system still cannot achieve industrialization. Therefore, searching for high efficient, environment-friendly, and cheap natural mediator from small molecule precursors or intermediates and degradation products of lignin has been considered as a hot research topic. Therefore, we introduce the type and catalytic mechanism of laccase mediator, the composition and separation of natural laccase mediator from water washed solution of steam exploded straw, black liquor and lignocelluloses degradation products during the fermentation of white-rot fungi. We also provide the theoretical and technical direction for exploring of high reactive of laccase natural mediators and achieving the oriented high-value utilization of lignocellulose degradation products.