嗜热和嗜碱木聚糖酶研究进展

Progress in the thermophilic and alkalophilic xylanases

摘要:

木聚糖酶是降解半纤维素主要成分木聚糖的关键酶，广泛应用在食品、饲料、制浆造纸、生物脱胶等行业。特别是在造纸工业中，木聚糖酶显示出巨大的应用潜力，已成为国内外研究的热点。纸浆漂白工艺中需要酶在高温碱性条件下发挥作用。目前，主要通过筛选野生型木聚糖酶资源和对现有中性中温木聚糖酶分子改造的方法获得嗜热碱木聚糖酶。文中就嗜热嗜碱木聚糖酶的筛选、嗜热嗜碱机制研究及分子改造进展进行了综述，并对其前景进行了展望。

关键词:木聚糖酶，嗜热，嗜碱，筛选，分子改造

Abstract:

Xylanase is the key enzyme to degrade xylan that is a major component of hemicellulose. The enzyme has potential industrial applications in the food, feed, paper and flax degumming industries. The use of xylanases becomes more and more important in the paper industry for bleaching purposes. Xylanases used in the pulp bleaching process should be stable and active at high temperature and alkaline pH. Thermophilic and alkalophilic xylanases could be obtained by screening the wild type xylanases or engineering the mesophilic and neutral enzymes. In this paper, we reviewed recent progress of screening of the thermophilic and alkalophilic xylanases, molecular mechanism of thermal and alkaline adaptation and molecular engineering. Future research prospective was also discussed.

Key words:xylanase, thermophilic, alkalophilic, screening, molecular engineering