有机碳源下废水厌氧氨氧化同步脱氮除碳

Simultaneous removal of carbon and nitrogen from organic-rich wastewater with anammox

摘要:

为明确有机碳源胁迫下，厌氧氨氧化反应器的同步脱氮除碳规律及功能微生物群落结构的动态变化，采用成功启动的厌氧氨氧化UASB反应器，通过逐步提升进水有机负荷，探究有机碳源下废水厌氧氨氧化同步脱氮除碳。研究表明，当进水化学需氧量 (Chemical oxygen demand, COD) 浓度从172 mg/L升至620 mg/L，反应器维持较高的脱氮效率，氨氮和总氮去除率均在85%以上，并对COD具有平均56.6%的去除率，高浓度COD未对Anammox菌活性构成显著抑制作用。聚合酶链式反应和变性梯度凝胶电泳 (PCR-DGGE) 图谱和割胶测序结果表明，变形菌门Proteobacteria、浮霉菌门Planctomycetes、绿曲挠菌门Chloroflexi以及绿菌门Chlorobi等微生物共存于同一反应体系中，推测反应器内存在复杂的脱氮除碳途径。而且，代表厌氧氨氧化的部分浮霉菌门微生物能耐受高浓度有机碳源，在高有机负荷下依旧发挥着高效的脱氮作用，为反应器高效脱氮提供了保障。

Abstract:

In order to simultaneously remove carbon and nitrogen from organic-rich wastewater, we used an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed/blanket (UASB) reactor that was started up with anammox with high concentration of carbon and nitrogen by gradually raising the organic loading of influent. We optimized the removal of nitrogen and carbon when the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration varied from 172 to 620 mg/L. During the entire experiment, the ammonium and total nitrogen removal efficiency was higher than 85%, while the average COD removal efficiency was 56.6%. The high concentration of organic matter did not restrain the activity of anammox bacteria. Based on polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and tapping sequencing analyses, the Planctomycete, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi bacteria are detected in the UASB reactor, which indicated complex removal pathway of carbon and nitrogen coexisted in the reactor. However, a part of Planctomycete which referred to anammox bacteria could tolerate a high content of organic carbon, and it provided help for high performance of nitrogen removal in UASB reactor.