硫酸软骨素裂解酶ABC的研究进展

Research progress in chondroitinase ABC

摘要:

糖胺多糖作为蛋白聚糖的组成成分，是由己糖与糖醛酸通过β-1,3糖苷键连接形成的线性多糖，分布于细胞外基质和表面，指导如细胞增殖、信号传输和炎症介导等许多生物过程。糖胺多糖的大分子量，使得其很多功能都不能有效发挥，硫酸软骨素裂解酶ABC (Chondroitinase，ChSase ABC) 作为一类多糖裂解酶解决了这一难题。本文结合我们的工作全面综述了ChSase和ChSase ABC的分类，ChSase ABC的晶体结构及目前的研究进展。从ChSase ABC的特点出发，分析了ChSase ABC的分离纯化方法、稳定性和固定化现状以及国内外工程菌构建的研究进展。最后，总结了ChSase ABC目前研究中存在的问题，并展望了ChSase ABC的发展前景。

Abstract:

As the components of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear polysaccharides consisting of hexose and uronic acid units linked by β-1,3-glycosidic bond. GAGs mainly distribute in extracellular matrix and on cell surfaces. They guide many biological processes, such as proliferation of cells, transmission of signals and mediation of inflammation. Because of their large molecular weights, GAGs have limited biological functions in vitro. However, the appearance of chondroitinase ABC (ChSase ABC), which can lyse polysaccharides, solves the difficulties. Based on our work, we summarized the classification and the crystal structure of ChSase ABC, as well as other recent research progress on ChSase ABCs. The separation and purification methods of ChSase ABC and construction of engineering bacteria are illustrated. The stability and immobilization are also analyzed by taking account of the characterization of ChSase ABC. Finally, problems and future prospect of the ChSase ABC study are summarized.