猪流行性腹泻病毒反向遗传操作技术及其应用

Advances in reverse genetics to treat porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

摘要:

猪流行性腹泻病毒 (PEDV) 是引起猪 (特别是新生仔猪) 急性、高度传染性消化道疾病的主要病原之一；2010年底以来，猪流行性腹泻 (PED) 的再次暴发给我国乃至全球养猪业造成了巨大经济损失。最近，研究者已先后建立了基于靶向RNA重组技术、细菌人工染色体 (BAC) 载体系统和体外连接技术的PEDV反向遗传学操作技术，为PEDV编码的蛋白质的功能、致病机制以及新型疫苗的研发开辟了新的思路。本文对PEDV反向遗传操作技术的研究进展及其在PEDV胰酶依赖性、S蛋白和ORF3蛋白的功能以及新一代疫苗研制等方面的应用现状进行了综述与展望。

Abstract:

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is one of the major etiologies responsible for the acute, highly contagious disease in the digestive tract of pigs, especially neonatal piglets. Since PEDV was first identified in Europe in the late 1970s, it has resulted in significant economic losses in many Asian swine-raising countries, including China. Recently, reverse genetics techniques including targeted RNA recombination, bacteria artificial chromosome system and in vitro ligation have been successfully used to manipulate the genome of PEDV, which providing new strategies for the clear delineation of the functions of the viral proteins, the mechanisms behind PEDV pathogenesis and the design of novel vaccines against PEDV. Here, we review the progresses of different reverse genetics platforms developed for PEDV and their applications, covering the roles of trypsin in PEDV propagation, functions of S and ORF3 protein and the development of next generation PED vaccines, and the perspectives of reverse genetics for PEDV.