番茄红素基因工程菌多酶调控研究进展

Research progress in multi-enzyme regulation of genetically engineered bacteria producing lycopene

摘要:

作为类异戊二烯化合物中四萜的代表性产品番茄红素，在生物体中是典型的多酶参与催化的反应产物，在2-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇-4-磷酸盐 (MEP) 和甲羟戊酸 (MVA) 合成途径中起着至关重要的作用。从番茄红素在原核和真核中的多酶合成途径出发，针对番茄红素合成途径的各种优化策略，首先介绍了多酶合成中的常规调控方法，包括多基因共表达质粒构建、基因顺序调控、启动子与核糖体结合位点调控及基因敲除和替换等方法。之后介绍了一些新型的多酶调控方法，包括多片段组装技术、人工支架自组装方法等。最后重点介绍了这些多酶调控方法在番茄红素合成中的应用。这些多酶合成调控方法为构建高产番茄红素菌株提供了极大的启发和研究基础。

Abstract:

Lycopene plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis pathway of 2-methyl-derythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) and mevalonic acid (MVA). It is a representative product of isoprenoid family, and a typical product of multi-enzyme catalytic reaction in organism. In this paper, we first introduced the general regulation methods in multi-enzyme synthesis reaction, including the construction of multi gene co-expression plasmid, gene order regulation, promoter and ribosome binding site regulation, gene knockout and replacement, aiming at the optimization strategies of multi-enzyme catalytic reaction in lycopene synthesis pathway. Meanwhile, we introduced several new regulation methods in multi-enzyme reaction, including multi-fragment assembly technology, artificial scaffold self-assembly methods and so on. At last, we summarized the application of these multi-enzyme regulation methods in lycopene synthesis. These methods provide a great inspiration and research foundation for the construction of lycopene-producing strains with high yield.