基于Lux型群体感应系统干预的生物被膜调控在污水处理中的研究进展与前景

Wastewater treatment based on biofilm regulation by Lux type quorum sensing system–a review

摘要:

基于Lux型群体感应系统的生物被膜调控在污水处理中的研究备受关注，群体感应系统的干预包括正向强化和负向削弱两类。群体感应系统的正向强化作用可提高生物膜法污水处理中的挂膜速度，提高污水处理效率，促进活性污泥中胞外聚合物 (Extracellular polymeric substance，EPS) 和可溶性微生物产物 (Soluble microbial products，SMP) 的生成，提高生物被膜的产量；群体感应的负向削弱作用可以降解生物被膜形成过程中所需要的信号分子，切断生物被膜形成的基因表达过程，有效抑制MBR膜表面生物被膜的形成，防止膜污染。对信号分子酰基高丝氨酸内酯 (N-acyl homoserine lactone，AHLs) 的结构和作用机理的进一步研究、群体感应淬灭菌的固定化技术与应用、多种防治膜污染方法的协同效果验证及群体感应干预在更多污水处理领域的应用可行性是该领域要研究的几个重要方向。

关键词:群体感应，群体感应淬灭，污水处理，生物被膜

Abstract:

Studies on biofilm regulation based on Lux type quorum sensing system in wastewater treatment have attracted much attention. The intervention of quorum sensing system includes both mechanisms of positive and negative control. The positive invigorating effect improves the efficiency of biofilm wastewater treatment, promotes the production of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP), and increases the yield of biofilm. The negative weakening effect of quorum sensing can decompose the signal molecules needed in the process of biofilm formation, interrupts the gene expression process of biofilm formation, and inhibits the formation of biofilm on MBR membrane surface effectively. The further study of the structure and mechanism of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHLs), the immobilization technology and application of quorum quenching bacteria, the synergistic effect verification of different biofouling control methods and the application feasibility of quorum sensing system based technology in more wastewater treatment fields are the next important researches to explore.

Key words:quorum sensing, quorum quenching, wastewater treatment, biofilm