酶的固定化技术最新研究进展

Recent advances in enzyme immobilization

摘要:

酶是一种高效、绿色、应用广泛的生物催化剂，因其固定化形态在多种性质上均优于游离态，酶固定化技术应运而生并不断发展。我国固定化技术研究始于20世纪70年代，目前固定化酶在食品、医疗、能源、环境治理等领域得到了广泛的应用，但现有固定化技术仍存在适用范围小、成本较高等缺陷。因此，在较为成熟的传统固定化技术基础上，研究者们对新型固定化技术的研究与创新进行了大量尝试，形成了一批以固定化载体和固定化方式为核心的新型固定化技术。文中作者结合团队十余年对固定化技术的研究和理解，归纳介绍了新型酶固定化技术的发展方向和应用趋势，并阐述了对固定化技术未来发展的理解和建议。

Abstract:

Enzyme is an efficient and green biocatalyst, and widely used in many areas. Immobilized enzyme is superior to its free form in a variety of properties. Enzyme immobilization studies started in the 1970s in China. Till now, immobilized enzymes are widely applied in the fields of food, medical, energy, environmental management, among others. However, there are still some defects such as no universal method and the high cost. Therefore, based on the relatively mature traditional immobilization technologies, efforts have been made to innovate immobilization technologies. As a result, many new immobilization technologies focusing on new carriers and methods are continuously generated. Coupling with more than ten years’ study on enzyme immobilization, we present here recent development and application of new immobilization technologies, as well as suggestions to future development of immobilization technology.