植物中活性MITEs转座子研究进展

Active miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements transposon in plants: a review

摘要:

MITEs (Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements) 转座子是一种特殊的转座子，其既有DNA转座子的转座特性——“剪切-粘贴”转座方式，又有RNA转座子的高拷贝特性。目前已被报道的MITEs种类和数量虽然很多，但是关于有转座活性的MITEs的报道却甚少。本文总结了近几年来有关活性MITEs的相关报道，发现具有转座活性的MITEs种类大都分布在Tourist家族，分别是mPing、mGing、PhTourist1、Tmi1和PhTst-3，另外还有Stowaway-like家族的dTstu1和MITE-39以及Mutator家族的AhMITE1。文中还分析了这些活性MITEs的结构 (TIR和TSD)、拷贝数、进化模式以及转座特性等，为鉴定其他活性MITEs以及MITEs转座和扩增机制的研究奠定了基础。

Abstract:

Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements transposon is a special transposon that could transpose by "cut-paste" mechanism, which is one of characteristics of DNA transposons. Otherwise, the copy number of MITEs is very high, which is one of characteristics of RNA transposons. Many MITE families have been reported, but little about active MITEs. We summarize recent advances in studying active MITEs. Most the MITEs belong to the Tourist-like family, such as mPing, mGing, PhTourist1, Tmi1 and PhTst-3. Additionally, DTstu1 and MITE-39 belong to Stowaway-like family, and AhMITEs1 belongs to Mutator-like family. Moreover, we summarize the structure (terminal inverse repeats and target site duplications), copy number, evolution pattern and transposition characteristics of these active MITEs, to provide the foundation for the identification of other active MITEs and subsequent research on MITE transposition and amplification mechanism.