养殖动物及其相关环境耐药组的研究进展

Antibiotic resistome in farm animals and their related environments: a review

摘要:

畜牧养殖业中大量抗生素的使用，导致养殖动物及其相关环境中存在大量的耐药基因/耐药细菌。这些耐药基因可以借助基因水平转移等方式在环境中进一步扩散，甚至进入食品动物随食物链传播，对生态环境、食品安全和人类健康造成极大的威胁。随着基因组学研究手段的不断进步，养殖动物及其相关环境中耐药基因的多样性和生态学分布规律被广泛揭示。文中综述了相关领域耐药基因的研究进展，探讨了其对人体健康的潜在影响，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词:养殖动物，养殖环境，细菌耐药，耐药基因组学

Abstract:

Overuse of antibiotics in livestock farming has enriched antibiotic-resistant genes as well as resistant bacteria in farm animals and their related environments. These antibiotic-resistant genes can spread to the natural environments by horizontal gene transfer and even to the food chain, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment, food safety and human health. With the development of genomic technology, the diversity and ecological distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes in farm animals and their related environments have been recently revealed. Here we summarized the research progress on antibiotic resistance genes in related fields, potential influence on human health, and future research needs.

Key words:farm animals, farm environment, bacterial resistance, resistome