水产品中嗜水气单胞菌耐药性研究进展

Research advances in drug resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila in fishery

摘要:

嗜水气单胞菌 Aeromonas hydrophila具有广泛的致病性，是水生动物最常见的致病菌之一。由于抗生素不合理使用、质粒以及耐药基因的水平转移等因素，来自零售市场、超市和餐厅的即食海鲜产品中，均可分离出大量的嗜水气单胞菌耐药菌株及其耐药基因。因此，探明关键控制点、寻求有效缓解抗生素耐药性的防控策略至关重要。文中介绍了我国嗜水气单胞菌的耐药现状，嗜水气单胞菌的主要侵染及耐药机制，以及目前削减和防控耐药性的主要手段和策略，并对水产品耐药性研究方向和重点作出展望。

Abstract:

As one of the most common pathogens in aquatic animals, Aeromonas hydrophila exhibits a wide range of pathogenicity. Due to factors like unreasonable use of antibiotics and horizontal gene transfer mediated by plasmids, many resistant strains of Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from ready-to-eat seafood products in retail markets, supermarkets and restaurants. These strains carry many resistance genes. Therefore, it is essential to explore the key control points, and seek for prevention and control strategies so as to effectively alleviate antibiotic resistance. We review here the prevalence of drug resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila in China, and its main infection and resistance mechanisms, and the main means and strategies for reducing and preventing drug resistance. We also address further research directions and focus on drug resistance in Aeromonas hydrophila of the aquatic product.