动物细胞培养技术在人造肉研究中的应用

Application of cell culture techniques in cultured meat-a review

摘要:

人造肉作为2018年全球十大突破和新兴科技之一，因其来源可追溯、食品安全性和绿色可持续等优势得到广泛的关注。欧美等国家已经投入大量资源开展细胞培养人造肉研究，未来将对我国的肉制品及食品市场造成一定的冲击。现阶段，细胞培养人造肉生产的挑战在于如何高效模拟动物肌肉组织生长环境，并在生物反应器中实现大规模的生产。尽管动物细胞组织培养技术已经得到深入的研究，并取得了不同程度的成功应用，但由于现有动物细胞组织培养成本与技术要求较高，仍不能实现大规模的产业化培养。因此，对于人造肉的生产来说，开发高效、安全的大规模细胞培养技术是亟需解决的问题，可以有效降低生产成本，实现产业化应用。文中通过介绍基于人造肉生物制造的动物细胞组织培养技术研究现状，具体阐述了目前的挑战和关键技术问题，并初步探讨了其可能的解决策略和应用前景。

Abstract:

As one of the top 10 breakthrough and emerging technologies in the world in 2018, cultured meat has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages of traceable origin, food safety and green sustainable development. Europe and the United States have invested a lot of resources to focus on research about cultured meat, which will affect our domestic meat and food market in the future. At present, the challenge of cultured meat production is how to efficiently simulate the growth environment of animal muscle tissue and realize large-scale production in bioreactor. Although cell tissue engineering has been deeply studied and achieved varying successful application, it is still difficult to obtain large-scale cultured meat production due to the high cost and technical requirements. Therefore, the development of efficient and safe cell culture technology is an urgent problem for large-scale cultured meat production, which can effectively reduce costs and achieve industrial application. In this review, we summarize the research progress of animal cell tissue culture technology used for cultured meat, and highlighted the current challenges and possible strategies in further applications.