基因敲除技术及其在研究线粒体动力学与胰岛素抵抗关系中的应用进展

Gene knockout technology and its application in the study of the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and insulin resistance

摘要:

线粒体动力学即线粒体融合和分裂保持动态平衡的过程，该过程由融合/分裂相关蛋白精确调控完成，对于线粒体代谢、质量和功能有着重要的生理意义，而这些蛋白发生异常可引发线粒体动力学失衡，进而引起线粒体功能障碍并引发各种疾病状态。文中围绕基因敲除技术，详细阐述了编码融合/分裂相关蛋白的基因敲除鼠在胰岛素抵抗研究工作中的作用及应用进展，以期为今后研究线粒体动力学失衡致胰岛素抵抗的信号转导机制奠定基础。

Abstract:

Mitochondrial dynamics, the processes of mitochondrial fusion and fission maintain homeostasis, are precisely regulated by fusion/fission-related proteins, and play an important physiological role in mitochondrial metabolism, quality and function. The aberrant changes of these proteins can trigger mitochondrial dynamics imbalance, which cause mitochondrial dysfunctions and result various disease states. This article focuses on gene knockout technology, and reviews the role and application progress of genes encoding for fusion and fission knockout mice in insulin resistance researches, in order to lay a foundation for future studies on signal transduction mechanism of mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in insulin resistance.