自驱动健康监测及生理功能调节器件的研究进展

Progress in self-powered health monitoring and physiological function regulation devices

摘要:

纳米发电机 (摩擦纳米发电机和压电纳米发电机) 技术自被提出以来得到了迅速发展，该技术可将人体动能、风能、声波能、海洋能等各种机械能转化为电能，并应用于自驱动健康监测及生理功能调节，如脉搏传感、神经电刺激、心脏起搏等。文中综述了纳米发电机的结构、工作原理、输出性能及其在循环系统、神经系统、生物组织、睡眠及水下救援等方面的最新研究进展，并在此基础上进一步分析了纳米发电机技术应用到临床治疗所面临的挑战。未来纳米发电机有望成为辅助电源，甚至取代传统电池类电源用于驱动医疗电子器件，实现人体自驱动健康监测及生理功能调节。

Abstract:

Nanogenerator (triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator) has experienced a rapid development since it was proposed. This technique can covert various mechanical energies into electric energy, including human motion energy, wind energy, acoustic energy and ocean energy. The converted electricity can be used for health monitoring and physiological function regulation, such as pulse detection, bioelectrical stimulation and cardiac pacing. This review summarizes the structure, working mechanism, output performance of nanogenerator and its latest progress in circulatory system, nervous system, biological tissue, sleep and rescue system. Additionally, a further analysis was also made on the application challenge of nanogenerator in clinical treatment. In the future, nanogenerator is expected to be an auxiliary power source, or even to replace battery to power medical electronic device and realize the self-powered health monitoring and physiological function regulation of human body.