粘合材料及其在生物医学中的应用：进展与展望

Application of adhesive materials in biomedicine: progress and prospects

摘要:

粘合材料作为一种重要的辅助材料，在工业包装、海洋工程以及生物医药等多个领域都有广泛的应用需求。天然存在的粘合剂如贻贝足丝粘合蛋白等具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性，但因其来源受限及在生理环境下较弱的粘合性能，因此在生物医药领域的应用受到了限制。从自然生物的粘合现象中汲取灵感，各种利用化学或生物合成方法制备的仿生粘合材料应运而生，针对生物医药领域的特定需求，一些新兴粘合材料在生物相容性、生物可降解性以及组织粘附等方面都表现出在医药领域应用的潜力。展望未来，受自然粘合材料兼具环境响应、自我再生和自修复等特征的启迪，各种生物灵感和生物仿生粘合材料的开发势必是未来的发展热点，而合成生物学技术为创建具有上述特征的活体粘合材料提供了新的可能。

Abstract:

As an important auxiliary material, adhesive materials have many important applications in various fields including but not limited to industrial packaging, marine engineering, and biomedicine. Naturally occurring adhesives such as mussel foot proteins are usually biocompatible and biodegradable, but their limited sources and poor mechanical properties in physiological conditions have limited their widespread uses in biomedical field. Inspired by the underwater adhesion phenomenon of natural organisms, a series of biomimetic adhesive materials have been developed through chemical or bioengineering approaches. Notably, some of those synthetic adhesives have exhibited great promise for medical applications in terms of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, strong tissue adhesion and many other attractive functional properties. As natural adhesive materials possess distinctive “living” attributes such as environmental responsiveness, self-regeneration and autonomous repairs, the development of various biologically inspired and biomimetic adhesive materials using natural adhesives as blueprints will thus be of keen and continuous interest in the future. The emerging field of synthetic biology will likely provide new opportunities to design living glues that recapitulate the dynamic features of those naturally occurring adhesives.