CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术研究进展及其在斑马鱼中的应用

Research progress and applications of gene editing technology CRISPR/Cas in zebrafish

摘要:

规律成簇间隔的短回文序列 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats，CRISPR) 是细菌和古菌中的获得性免疫系统，利用该系统能定点进行基因编辑。最近，科学家发现了新的CRISPR-associated (Cas)蛋白，其中由Cas12a介导的基因编辑能显著降低脱靶率。文中对CRISPR/Cas系统的发现历史、组成和分类、工作原理进行概述，并总结了该系统的最新研究进展及在斑马鱼Danio rerio中的应用。

Abstract:

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are acquired immune system in bacteria and archaea. This system is used in site-directed gene editing. Recently, scientists discovered new CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, in which Cas12a-mediated gene editing can significantly reduce the off-target rate. In this article, we review CRISPR/Cas system’s discovery of history, composition, classification, and working principle. The latest research progress of the CRISPR/Cas system, and its application in zebrafish are introduced.