重金属污染的植物修复及相关分子机制

Phytoremediation of heavy metal contamination and related molecular mechanisms in plants

摘要:

随着近代工业的发展，土壤重金属污染问题日益严重。重金属即使在极低浓度下仍然可以对人畜造成健康上的威胁，因此迫切需要有效的修复方法对土壤进行修复。生物修复，特别是植物修复目前已经成为重金属污染修复的重要手段之一，了解相关植物的重金属解毒和积累分子机制是提高修复效率、解决重金属污染问题的基础。文中以土壤修复方式为起点，结合植物吸收积累重金属以及解毒的相关分子机制研究，探讨了植物修复的发展现状以及趋势。

关键词:重金属，土壤污染，超积累植物，植物修复

Abstract:

With the development of modern industry, heavy metal pollution of soil becomes more and more serious. Heavy metals can cause serious health problems to humans and animals even at very low concentrations. Thus, it is urgent to remediate the contaminated soils by effective methods. Different remediation strategies have been reported to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil, among which phytoremediation is the most important one. Understanding the mechanisms underlying heavy metal accumulation and detoxification in plants is one of the key points for phytoremediation. In this review, we try to summarize the progresses and trends on phytoremediation and related molecular mechanisms, and discuss the prospects for the future research.

Key words:heavy metal, soil contamination, hyperaccumulator, phytoremediation