新型冠状病毒疫苗研究策略分析

Strategies for vaccine development of COVID-19

摘要:

新型冠状病毒 (SARS-CoV-2) 是一种可引起人新型冠状病毒肺炎 (COVID-19) 的新发呼吸道病原体，与重症急性呼吸道综合症冠状病毒 (SARS-CoV) 和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 (MERS-CoV) 同属于β-冠状病毒，具有较高的传染性和一定的致死率。2019年12月在我国武汉被发现，随后蔓延到我国大部分省份，给我国人民健康和经济发展造成巨大损失。疫苗接种是预防和控制传染病的常规和有效手段，国内外多个机构已启动COVID-19疫苗研究工作。文中基于SARS和MERS疫苗研究的经验和教训，对COVID-19疫苗的研究策略和需要注意的关键问题进行了阐述，为相关研究人员提供参考。

Abstract:

An epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans, which appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019, was caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). This disease was named as “Coronavirus Disease 2019” (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 was first identified as an etiological pathogen of COVID-19, belonging to the species of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV). The speed of both the geographical transmission and the sudden increase in numbers of cases is much faster than SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). COVID-19 is the first global pandemic caused by a coronavirus, which outbreaks in 211 countries/territories/areas. The vaccine against COVID-19, regarded as an effective prophylactic strategy for control and prevention, is being developed in about 90 institutions worldwide. The experiences and lessons encountered in the previous SARS and MERS vaccine research can be used for reference in the development of COVID-19 vaccine. The present paper hopes to provide some insights for COVID-19 vaccines researchers.