谷氨酸棒杆菌基因编辑的研究进展

Advances in gene editing of Corynebacterium glutamate

摘要:

谷氨酸棒杆菌是生产氨基酸、有机酸等的重要菌株，广泛应用于食品、医药领域。利用基因编辑技术对谷氨酸棒杆菌进行基因功能研究，在提高目的产物产量、发现新的基因功能等方面有重要意义。近年来，基因编辑技术发展日新月异，从基于同源重组的传统基因编辑技术到以人工核酸酶介导的基因编辑均在谷氨酸棒杆菌中得到合理应用。其中，CRISPR技术以其快速、简便、编辑效率高等优点成为现阶段研究者用于改造谷氨酸棒杆菌的主要技术，但是更为简单、高效的编辑手段依旧需要进一步研究开发，以获得优良菌株应用于工业生产中。

Abstract:

Corynebacterium glutamicum, an important microorganism to produce amino acids and organic acids, has been widely applied in food and medicine fields. Therefore, using editing tools to study the function of unknown genes in C. glutamicum has great significance for systematic development of industrial strain with efficient and novel production capability. Recently, gene editing has been greatly developed. Traditional gene editing based on homologous recombination and gene editing mediated by nuclease are successfully applied in C. glutamicum. Among these, the CRISPR system has been developed to be a main tool used for gene knockout of C. glutamicum due to its advantages of efficiency, simplicity and good target specificity. However, more efficient and reliable knockout system is still urgently demanded, to help develop high-performing strains in industrial application.