抗菌肽的抗生物膜机理研究进展

Current progress in antimicrobial peptides against bacterial biofilms

摘要:

生物膜，也称为生物被膜，是指附着于有生命或无生命物体表面被细菌胞外大分子包裹的有组织的细菌群体。与浮游菌相比，生物膜内的细菌对抗生素的耐受性提高了10–1 000倍，是造成目前细菌耐药的主要原因之一。作为一种新型抗菌制剂，抗菌肽的使用为生物膜感染的治疗提供了一种新的思路和手段。抗菌肽在抑制生物膜形成、杀灭生物膜内细菌以及消除成熟生物膜的过程中发挥了独特的优势。文中分析了近30年的数据，从细菌生物膜的结构入手，对抗菌肽可能的抗生物膜机理进行了综述，以期为抗菌肽临床治疗生物膜感染提供一定参考。

Abstract:

Microbial biofilm, a consortium of microbial cells protected by a self-produced polymer matrix, is considered as one main cause of current bacterial drug resistance. As a new type of antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial peptides provide a new strategy for the treatment of antibiotic resistant bacteria biofilm infections. Antimicrobial peptides have shown unique advantages in preventing microbial colonization of surfaces, killing bacteria in biofilms or disrupting the mature biofilm structure. This review systemically analyzes published data in the recent 30 years to summarize the possible anti-biofilm mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides. We hope that this review can provide reference for the treatment of infectious diseases by pathogenic microbial biofilm.