纸基微流体技术在即时检测中的应用

Application of paper-based microfluidics in point-of-care testing

摘要:

即时检测 (Point-of-care testing，POCT) 是在采样现场或病人旁边进行的一种检测方式，它利用便携式分析仪器及配套试剂进行检测，能快速得到结果，被广泛应用于体外诊断行业。其中纸基微流体检测技术以其成本低廉、操作简单、检测快速、设备便携、应用不受场所限制等优点在发展现场POCT技术中具有非常大的潜力。近年来，纸基微流体技术的发展及其与各种新技术、新方法的融合推动了POCT技术和方法的实质性发展。文中简要概括了纸的分类与特性，介绍了基于纸基微流体技术发展而来的样本前处理方法、反应过程中的液流控制方式、反应后检测结果的读取与分析手段，综述了近年来在面向POCT应用中各类基于纸基微流体的分析装置 (Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices，μPADs) 的研究进展，最后对纸基微流体技术在POCT应用中存在的问题进行了讨论，并对未来前景作了展望。

Abstract:

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a test method performed on the sampling site or patient bedside. Accurate results can be achieved rapidly by the application of portable analytical instruments and compatible reagents. It has been widely used in the field of in vitro diagnosis (IVD). Paper-based microfluidics technology has great potential in developing POCT due to its advantages in low cost, simple operation, rapid detection, portable equipment, and unrestricted application conditions. In recent years, the development of paper-based microfluidic technology and its integration with various new technologies and methods have promoted the substantial development of POCT technology and methods. The classification and characteristic of the paper are summarized in this review. Paper-based microfluidic sample pretreatment methods, the flow control in the process of reaction and the signal detecting and analyzing methods for the testing results are introduced. The research progress of various kinds of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) toward POCT in recent years is reviewed. Finally, remaining problems and the future prospects in POCT application of paper-based microfluidics are discussed.