细菌与自噬的抗争——死亡或重生

Fighting between bacteria and autophagy——death or rebirth

摘要:

自噬是一种高度保守的细胞内成分的降解过程，不仅维持细胞的代谢稳定，还与机体对抗各种病原菌感染有着密切关系。自噬能协助机体清除病原体，但有些细菌进化出多种策略干扰自噬信号通路或抑制自噬体与溶酶体融合形成自噬溶酶体来逃避自噬的降解，甚至利用自噬来促进其生长增殖。文中从自噬的分子机制出发，讨论多种致病菌与宿主细胞自噬关系的最新进展，以及自噬与病原菌感染的作用和意义，以期为病原菌感染导致的自噬研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation process that targets cytoplasmic components, maintains metabolic stability in cells, and combates infection with various pathogenic bacteria. Autophagy can help body to eliminate invading pathogens; however, some bacteria have evolved multiple strategies to interfere with the autophagy signaling pathway or inhibit the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes to form autolysosomes to escape autophagic degradation, and even use autophagy to promote their growth and proliferation. This review discusses the newest progress in the relationship between pathogens and autophagy of host cell, and the role of autophagy in bacterial infection. We hope that this review provides useful knowledge for the research on autophagy caused by pathogenic infection.