强化产电微生物与电极间电子传递速率的研究进展

Progress in enhancing electron transfer rate between exoelectrogenic microorganisms and electrode interface

摘要:

产电微生物是微生物燃料电池、电解池和电合成等微生物电化学技术 (Microbial electrochemical technologies，METs) 的研究基础。产电微生物与电极界面间的胞外电子传递 (Extracellular electron transfer，EET)效率低以及生物被膜形成能力弱限制了METs在有机物降解、电能生产、海水淡化、生物修复和生物传感等方面的应用。因此，强化产电微生物与电极界面间的相互作用是过去几年的主要研究热点。针对近年的研究，本文系统概述了通过改造产电微生物来增强微生物-电极间相互作用的各种策略，重点分析了这些策略的适用性和局限性，并展望了强化产电微生物-电极界面作用在微生物电化学技术利用方面的研究前景。

关键词:产电微生物，微生物电化学技术，胞外电子传递，生物被膜，微生物-电极相互作用

Abstract:

Exoelectrogenic microorganisms are the research basis of microbial electrochemical technologies such as microbial fuel cells, electrolytic cells and electrosynthesis. However, their applications are restricted in organic degradation, power generation, seawater desalination, bioremediation, and biosensors due to the weak ability of biofilm formation and the low extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency between exoelectrogenic microorganisms and electrode. Therefore, engineering optimization of interaction between exoelectrogenic microorganisms and electrode interface recently has been the research focus. In this article, we review the updated progress in strategies for enhancing microbe-electrode interactions based on microbial engineering modifications, with a focus on the applicability and limitations of these strategies. In addition, we also address research prospects of enhancing the interaction between electroactive cells and electrodes.

Key words:exoelectrogenic microorganisms, microbial electrochemical technologies, extracellular electron transfer, biofilm, microbe-electrode interactions