维生素C生物合成相关脱氢酶研究进展

Progress in vitamin C biosynthesis related dehydrogenases

摘要:

维生素C是一种人体必需的维生素，在食品制药等领域拥有巨大的市场。工业上维生素C主要以微生物发酵生产的2-酮基-l-古龙酸为前体，然后通过内酯化反应获得。微生物发酵中，山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径因为转化率高一直是研究的热点。文中从维生素C生物合成相关脱氢酶的角度阐述了：山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径中关键脱氢酶在定位、底物谱、辅因子和电子传递上的特点；山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径中面临的主要问题和改造策略等。最后讨论了维生素C生物合成中山梨糖途径和葡萄糖酸途径可能的研究方向。

Abstract:

Vitamin C is an essential vitamin for human beings. It has a huge market in the fields of food and pharmaceuticals. 2-keto-l-gulonic acid is an important precursor to produce vitamin C by microbial fermentation in industrial. In microbial fermentations, the l-sorbose pathway and the D-gluconate pathway have been the focus of research because of high yield. This article aims at stating recent research progress in dehydrogenases related to biosynthesis of vitamin C in the l-sorbose pathway and the D-gluconate pathway. The properties of dehydrogenase in terms of localization, substrate specificity, cofactors, and electron transport carrier are elaborated. And then, the main problems and strategies are reviewed in the l-sorbose pathway and in the D-gluconate pathway. Finally, future research on the dehydrogenases in the biosynthesis of vitamin C through l-sorbose pathway and D-gluconate pathway is discussed.