代谢改造酿酒酵母合成萜类化合物的研究进展

Advances in metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for terpenoids biosynthesis

摘要:

萜类化合物是一类种类繁多、功能多样的化合物，部分具有抗癌、增强免疫力等作用，具有良好的生物活性，在食品、保健品以及医疗等领域应用广泛。近年来，随着对萜类化合物生物合成途径研究的深入，研究人员采用代谢工程手段构建了多种萜类产物的高产酿酒酵母工程菌株，部分已经达到或者接近工业化生产水平。因此，采用合成生物学相关技术手段合成萜类化合物，有望取代化学合成或者传统的提取模式，成为天然萜类产物的新型生产方法。文中以常见的几种萜类产物为例，介绍并探讨萜类产物的生物合成策略以及合成生物学方面的研究进展。

Abstract:

Terpenoids are a group of structurally diverse compounds with good biological activities and versatile functions such as anti-cancer and immunity-enhancing effects, and are widely used in food, healthcare and medical industries. Facilitated by the increasing understandings on the natural biosynthetic pathways of terpenoids in recent years, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been engineered into high-yield strains for production of a variety of terpenoids, some of which have reached or become close to the level required by industrial production. In this connection, synthetic biology driven biotechnological production of terpenoids has become a promising alternative to chemical synthesis and traditional extraction approaches. This article summarizes the recent process in engineering S. cerevisiae for terpenoids biosynthesis, highlighting the effect of synthetic biology strategies by taking a couple of typical terpenoids as examples.