疾病治疗及药物制备用酶的研究进展

Advances of enzymes in the applications of disease treatment and drug preparation

摘要:

生物技术的发展及对疾病机理的深入研究，使酶逐步应用于疾病治疗。与此同时，以酶作为催化剂制备非天然有机化合物具有反应条件温和、催化效率高、特异性高、选择性强、副反应少等优点。因而，酶也在药物制造方面展现了巨大潜力。此外，基因工程、酶化学修饰和固定化技术的应用进一步改善了酶的功能。基于此，文中结合本课题组的相关研究，综述了近年来酶作为药物用于疾病治疗及作为催化剂用于药物制造的研究进展，并对其存在的问题提出了相应的解决办法，最后对酶在医药领域的应用前景进行了展望。

Abstract:

The development of biotechnology and the in-depth research on disease mechanisms have led to increased application of enzymes in the treatment of diseases. In addition, enzymes have shown great potential in drug manufacturing, particularly in production of non-natural organic compounds, due to the advantages of mild reaction conditions, high catalytic efficiency, high specificity, high selectivity and few side reactions. Moreover, the application of genetic engineering, chemical modification of enzymes and immobilization technologies have further improved the function of enzymes. This review summarized the advances of using enzymes as drugs for disease treatment or as catalysts for drug manufacturing, followed by discussing challenges, potential solutions and future perspectives on the application of enzymes in the medical and pharmaceutical field.